Worksheet: DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis
B I O L O G Y : C h a p t e r 6 - 9
Directions: Use your notes and book to answer the following questions concerning Replication, Transcription, and Protein Synthesis.
1. Define the following terms:
a. Replication- a copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA molecule before it divides.The DNA molecule separates into two strands and then produces two new complementary strands following the rules of base pairing.
b. Transcription- a process by which RNA molecules are produced by copying part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA into a complementary sequence in RNA
c. Translation- a process by which the cell uses information from messenger RNA to produce proteins.
2. Break the following DNA sequence into triplets. (Draw a line to separate triplets)
C C G/ A T A/ C G C/ G G T/ A T C/ C C A/ G G G/ C T A/ A T T/ U A A
3. If the above code showed the bases on one strand of DNA, what would the complementary strand read? the same-- CCG/ATA/CGC/GGT/ATC/CCA/GGG/CTA/ATT/UAA
4. What would the code in problem #2 be transcribed into (What would the mRNA sequence
be?) GGCUAUGCGCCAUAGGGUCCCGAUUAAAUU mRNA
5. How many codons are there in the above problem? 10
6. What is the three letter sequence on a tRNA molecule called? The three letter sequence on a tRNA molecule is called Anticodon
7. How many different amino acids are there that make up all of the proteins in our body? 20
8. How many different codons are there? 64
9. What would the amino acid sequence be translated from the mRNA sequence in
problem #4? (Use the Genetic Code table below to translate) see instr website
10. Complete the table below. Use the following DNA sequence.
C G G C T A T T C G A C C C T T A C G G T A T T G G G (see inst website)
DNA Triplets mRNA Condon tRNA anticodon
CGG GCC CGG
CTA GAU
TTC AAG
GAC CUG
CCT GGA
TAC AUG
GGT CCA
ATT UAA
GGG CCC
B I O L O G Y : C h a p t e r 6 - 9
Directions: Use your notes and book to answer the following questions concerning Replication, Transcription, and Protein Synthesis.
1. Define the following terms:
a. Replication- a copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA molecule before it divides.The DNA molecule separates into two strands and then produces two new complementary strands following the rules of base pairing.
b. Transcription- a process by which RNA molecules are produced by copying part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA into a complementary sequence in RNA
c. Translation- a process by which the cell uses information from messenger RNA to produce proteins.
2. Break the following DNA sequence into triplets. (Draw a line to separate triplets)
C C G/ A T A/ C G C/ G G T/ A T C/ C C A/ G G G/ C T A/ A T T/ U A A
3. If the above code showed the bases on one strand of DNA, what would the complementary strand read? the same-- CCG/ATA/CGC/GGT/ATC/CCA/GGG/CTA/ATT/UAA
4. What would the code in problem #2 be transcribed into (What would the mRNA sequence
be?) GGCUAUGCGCCAUAGGGUCCCGAUUAAAUU mRNA
5. How many codons are there in the above problem? 10
6. What is the three letter sequence on a tRNA molecule called? The three letter sequence on a tRNA molecule is called Anticodon
7. How many different amino acids are there that make up all of the proteins in our body? 20
8. How many different codons are there? 64
9. What would the amino acid sequence be translated from the mRNA sequence in
problem #4? (Use the Genetic Code table below to translate) see instr website
10. Complete the table below. Use the following DNA sequence.
C G G C T A T T C G A C C C T T A C G G T A T T G G G (see inst website)
DNA Triplets mRNA Condon tRNA anticodon
CGG GCC CGG
CTA GAU
TTC AAG
GAC CUG
CCT GGA
TAC AUG
GGT CCA
ATT UAA
GGG CCC